# Blocks and Transactions This document describes the block and transaction structure of the Cronos POS Chain and explains different ways to extract and parse the details of them. ## Table of Content * [Cronos POS Blocks and Transactions](#cryptoorg-chain-blocks-and-transactions) * [Table of Content](#table-of-content) * [Common APIs](#common-apis) * [1. Tendermint Block API](#_1-tendermint-block-api) * [2. Tendermint Block Results API](#_2-tendermint-block-results-api) * [3. Cosmos Transaction Query API](#_3-cosmos-transaction-query-api) * [4. Cosmos Transaction Search API](#_4-cosmos-transaction-search-api) * [Common Block Details](#common-block-details) * [1. Mint](#_1-mint) * [2. Block Rewards](#_2-block-rewards) * [3. Proposer Rewards](#_3-proposer-rewards) * [4. Commissions](#_4-commissions) * [Common Transaction Details](#common-transaction-details) * [1. Block Height](#_1-block-height) * [2. Transaction Hash](#_2-transaction-hash) * [3. Transaction Fee](#_3-transaction-fee) * [4. Assets and Amount](#_4-assets-and-amount) * [1. Single object](#_1-single-object) * [2. Array](#_2-array) * [3. String](#_3-string) * [Bank](#bank) * [1. MsgSend](#_1-msgsend) * [2. MsgMultiSend](#_2-msgmultisend) * [Distribution](#distribution) * [1. MsgSetWithdrawAddress](#_1-msgsetwithdrawaddress) * [2. MsgWithdrawDelegatorReward](#_2-msgwithdrawdelegatorreward) * [3. MsgWithdrawValidatorCommission](#_3-msgwithdrawvalidatorcommission) * [4. MsgFundCommunityPool](#_4-msgfundcommunitypool) * [Staking](#staking) * [1. MsgCreateValidator](#_1-msgcreatevalidator) * [2. MsgEditValidator](#_2-msgeditvalidator) * [3. MsgDelegate](#_3-msgdelegate) * [4. MsgBeginRedelegate](#_4-msgbeginredelegate) * [5. MsgUndelegate](#_5-msgundelegate) * [5a. Upon MsgUndelegate completed](#_5a-upon-msgundelegate-completed) * [Slashing](#slashing) * [1. MsgUnjail](#_1-msgunjail) * [2. Being Jailed and Slashed](#_2-being-jailed-and-slashed) * [Liveness](#liveness) * [Double Sign](#double-sign) * [Limitations](#limitations) * [Governance](#governance) * [1. MsgSubmitProposal](#_1-msgsubmitproposal) * [1a. Community Pool Spend Proposal](#_1a-community-pool-spend-proposal) * [2. MsgDeposit](#_2-msgdeposit) * [2a. Burn Proposal's Deposit if Proposal does not Get Enough Deposit](#_2a-burn-proposals-deposit-if-proposal-does-not-get-enough-deposit) * [2b. Return Proposal's Deposit](#_2b-return-proposals-deposit) * [2c. Burn Proposal's Deposit](#_2c-burn-proposals-deposit) * [3. MsgVote](#_3-msgvote) * [4. Proposal Result](#_4-proposal-result) * [Appendix: Module Accounts on Mainnet](#appendix-module-accounts-on-mainnet) ## Common APIs ### Tendermint ## Common APIs ### Tendermint ### 1. Tendermint Block API * **URL format:** \[height] * This API returns block details, a list of *transaction bytes* and *consensus commits*. {% hint style="info" %} **Example: Checking the block at height `10000` of the mainnet:**\ [https://](https://https/rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block?height=10000)[rpc.mainnet.crypto.org](http://rpc.mainnet.cronos-pos.org/)[/block?height=10000](https://https/rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block?height=10000) {% endhint %} ### 2. Tendermint Block Results API * **URL format:** [https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block\_results?height=](https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block_results?height=10000)\[height] * This API returns the events of the block. These events include the outcomes from transactions, and block changes such as block rewards minted (`"mint"`) and distributed as well as consensus state updates such as validator missing block counts (`"liveness"`) {% hint style="info" %} Example: Checking the block result of height `10000`of the mainnet:\ [https://](https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block_results?height=10000)[rpc.mainnet.crypto.org](http://rpc.mainnet.cronos-pos.org/)[/block\_results?height=10000](https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block_results?height=10000) {% endhint %} ### Cosmos ### 3. Cosmos Transaction Query API * **URL format:** [https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs)\[Transaction\_Hash] * This API returns the parsed transaction details and events of a particular transaction hash * **Example**: ### 4. Cosmos Transaction Search API * **URL format:** * This API support event-based query and returns parsed transactions. Common events include: | Event | Description | Example | | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | tx.height | Transaction(s) in a particular block | [txs?events=tx.height%3D10000](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs?events=tx.height%3D10000) | | message.module & message.action | Search for messages belonged to a particular module and actions. *Note that this index will degrade when more transaction of its kind grows in number* | [txs?events=message.module%3D%27bank%27\&events=message.action%3D%27send%27](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs?events=message.module%3D%27bank%27\&events=message.action%3D%27send%27) | | message.sender | Search for message with particular signer | [/txs?events=message.sender=%27cro18undzhe3fmmav2x3csx8m00m5yupkcc7qzz4ec%27](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs?events=message.sender=%27cro18undzhe3fmmav2x3csx8m00m5yupkcc7qzz4ec%27) | **Note**: 1. The API supports pagination, make sure you have iterate all the pages `pagination.offset=[offset starting from 0]&pagination.limit=[record per page]` 2. The performance will degrade if you are searching for a result set that will grow over time. For example, if we search for events that grow with the block height, such as validator's reward distrubtion. 3. Multiple events in a single search are queried by `AND` condition. i.e If you do `tx.height` and `message.sender`. It will search for transactions that happened on that particular block height **AND** signed by the sender. [Top](#table-of-content) ## Common Block Details Most of the block events can be accessed using the [Tendermint Block Results API](#_2-tendermint-block-results-api). One caveat of using this API is that all the events key-value attributes are base64 encoded. Therefore it is **non-human readable**. A simple Node.js tool has been written to help parse and decode all key-value attributes in the block results API response. It can be downloaded at . {% hint style="info" %} Usage example: ```bash $ git clone https://github.com/calvinaco/cosmos-api-tools $ cd cosmos-api-tools $ node block-results-decoder.js "https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block_results?height=10000" ``` {% endhint %} Note that when you integrate with the API you should still base64 decode the attributes programmatically. ### 1. Mint In every block, CRO is minted and offered to the active validators and their delegators as block rewards. The actual minted token is subject to inflation and is adjusted every block. Further details on the minting parameters and configuration can be found [here](https://docs.cronos-pos.org/cronos-pos-chain-protocol/module_overview/module_mint). Minted tokens are distributed as blocks and proposer rewards in the same block. However, since Cosmos SDK does the [lazy rewards calculation and collection](https://docs.cosmos.network/main/build/modules/distribution#shortcomings), the minted tokens are first sent to the "Distribution" module account and are later transferred to an account when a delegator withdraws the rewards or commissions by sending a [MsgWithdrawDelegatorReward](#_2-msgwithdrawdelegatorreward) or [MsgWithdrawValidatorCommission](#_3-msgwithdrawvalidatorcommission). So [Block Rewards](#_2-block-rewards), [Proposer Rewards](#_3-proposer-rewards) and [Commissions](#_4-commissions) events are for record-keeping only and do not represent any actual token transfer between accounts. To get the minted token every block: | Accessor | Type | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | |

Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type) === "mint" && Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "amount"

| [Asset String](#asset-string) | ### 2. Block Rewards In every block, mint tokens and transaction fees are distributed to every active validator in the network. As a result, there will be multiple events, each corresponding to a validator and the rewards it receives. Block rewards are **not** credited to the delegator account directly. This event serves as a record-keeping purpose only. Each delegator account must explicitly send a [MsgWithdrawDelegatorReward](#_2-msgwithdrawdelegatorreward) message transaction to collect the rewards. To get the reward **per validator**: | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ----------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | | Validator Address |

Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type) === "rewards" && Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "validator"

| [Asset String](#asset-string) | | Reward Amount |

Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type) === "rewards" && Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "amount"

| String | ### 3. Proposer Rewards Block proposers can get extra transaction fees bonus for the block they have successfully proposed. More details can be found [here](https://docs.cronos-pos.org/cronos-pos-chain-protocol/module_overview/module_distribution) for reference. Similar to block rewards, proposer rewards are **not** credited to the account directly. This event serves as a record-keeping purpose only. Each validator creator account must explicitly send a [MsgWithdrawDelegatorReward](#_3-msgwithdrawvalidatorcommission) message transaction to collect the rewards. | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ----------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | | Validator Address |

Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type) === "proposer\_reward" && Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "validator"

| [Asset String](#asset-string) | | Reward Amount |

Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type) === "proposer\_reward" && Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "amount"

| String | ### 4. Commissions Validator can charge a commission to the block rewards received by delegators. Commissions is already included in [Block Rewards](#_2-block-rewards) and [Proposer Rewards](#_3-proposer-rewards) Similar to block rewards, commission rewards are **not** credited to the account directly. This event serves as a record-keeping purpose only. Each validator creator account must explicitly send a [MsgWithdrawValidatorCommission](#msg-withdraw-validator-commission) message transaction to collect the rewards. To get the commission received by **each validator**: | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ----------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | | Validator Address |

Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type) === "rewards" && Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "validator"

| [Asset String](#asset-string) | | Commission Amount |

Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type) === "rewards" && Base64Decode(result.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "amount"

| String | [Top](#table-of-content) ## Common Transaction Details ### 1. Block Height * [Tendermint Block API](#_1-tendermint-block-api): `result.block.header.height` * [Tendermint Block Results API](#_2-blocktendermint-block-results-api): `result.height` * [Cosmos Transaction Query API](#_3-cosmos-transaction-query-api): `tx_response.height` * [Cosmos Transaction Search API](#_4-cosmos-transaction-search-api): `tx_response[index].height` ### 2. Transaction Hash * [Tendermint Block API](#_1-tendermint-block-api): `Uppercase(SHA256(Base64Decode(result.block.data.txs[index])))` * [Tendermint Block Results API](#_2-blocktendermint-block-results-api): Not available, should use [Tendermint Block API](#tendermint-block-api). Match transaction `[index]` in `result.txs_results` with `result.block.data.txs[index]` * [Cosmos Transaction Query API](#_3-cosmos-transaction-query-api): `tx_response.txhash` * [Cosmos Transaction Search API](#_4-cosmos-transaction-search-api): `tx_response[index].txhash` ### 3. Transaction Fee * [Cosmos Transaction Query API](#_3-cosmos-transaction-query-api): `tx.auth_info.fee.amount` * [Cosmos Transaction Search API](#_4-cosmos-transaction-search-api): `tx[index].auth_info.fee.amount` Transaction fee is an [Asset Array](#_2-array), meaning that a transaction can pay fee in more than one token types. ### 4. Assets and Amount There are mainly two types of assets and amount representation: #### 1. Single object This is commonly seen in `staking` module but may appear in other modules as well. It represents a single token type. **Example** ```json { "denom": "basecro", "amount": "10000" } ``` where `denom` is the asset type and `amount` is the amount and `basecro` is the basic unit of CRO token (where 10^8 `basecro` = 1 cro) Note that the `amount` is always in string for precision accuracy. Please make sure your language is capable of handling big integer numbers. It is highly recommended to use library similar to [bignumber.js](https://mikemcl.github.io/bignumber.js/) in your language to handle the `amount`. #### 2. Array This is commonly seen in most message types. It represents a list of tokens. At the time of writing, there will only be a single entry in this array because `basecro` (or `basetcro` in Croeseid Testnet) is the only supported asset on Cronos POS Chain. However, after IBC transfer and other coins issuance methods are enabled, there will be more asset types, the coin source tracing and their denomination can be found [here](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/main/docs/architecture/adr-024-coin-metadata.md) **Example**: ```json [ { "denom": "basecro", "amount": "10000" }, { "denom": "apple", "amount": "1000" } ] ``` Each object in the array has the same format as [Single Object](#_1-single-object). #### 3. String This is commonly seen in events' attributes of block and transaction. **Example**: ```json { "key": "amount", "value": "1234basecro,5678apple" } ``` [Top](#table-of-content) ## Bank ### 1. MsgSend * **Descriptions:** Simple transfer message * Funds movement: Yes #### Protobuf Structure ```go type MsgSend struct { FromAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=from_address,json=fromAddress,proto3" json:"from_address,omitempty" yaml:"from_address"` ToAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=to_address,json=toAddress,proto3" json:"to_address,omitempty" yaml:"to_address"` Amount github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Coins `protobuf:"bytes,3,rep,name=amount,proto3,castrepeated=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Coins" json:"amount"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ---------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.bank.v1beta1.MsgSend"` | String | | From address | `tx.body.messages[message_index].from_address` | String | | To address | `tx.body.messages[message_index].to_address` | String | | Amount | `tx.body.messages[message_index].amount` | [Asset Array](#_2-array) | ### 2. MsgMultiSend * **Descriptions:** Multiple inputs, multiple outputs transfer message. * Funds movement: Yes #### Protobuf ```go type MsgMultiSend struct { Inputs []Input `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=inputs,proto3" json:"inputs"` Outputs []Output `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=outputs,proto3" json:"outputs"` } type Input struct { Address string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=address,proto3" json:"address,omitempty"` Coins github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Coins `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=coins,proto3,castrepeated=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Coins" json:"coins"` } type Output struct { Address string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=address,proto3" json:"address,omitempty"` Coins github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Coins `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=coins,proto3,castrepeated=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Coins" json:"coins"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.bank.v1beta1.MsgMultiSend"` | String | | From Addresses | `tx.body.messages[message_index].inputs[m].address` where `m>=1`. There can be multiple (`m`) from addresses. | String | | From Amounts | `tx.body.messages[message_index].inputs[m].coins` where `m>=1`. There can be multiple (`m`) from addresses and their corresponding input amount. | [Asset Array](#_2-array) | | To Addresses | `tx.body.messages[message_index].outputs[n].address` where `n>=1`. There can be multiple (`n`) destination addresses. | String | | To Amounts | `tx.body.messages[message_index].outputs[n].coins` where `n>=1`. There can be multiple (`n`) destination addresses and their corresponding input amount. | [Asset Array](#_2-array) | ## Distribution ### 1. MsgSetWithdrawAddress * **Descriptions:** Sets the withdraw address for a delegator (or validator self-delegation) * Funds movement: No (Pay for fee only) #### Protobuf ```go type MsgSetWithdrawAddress struct { DelegatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=delegator_address,json=delegatorAddress,proto3" json:"delegator_address,omitempty" yaml:"delegator_address"` WithdrawAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=withdraw_address,json=withdrawAddress,proto3" json:"withdraw_address,omitempty" yaml:"withdraw_address"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: #### Details TODO ### 2. MsgWithdrawDelegatorReward * **Descriptions:** Withdraw delegation rewards from a single validator * Funds movement: Yes #### Protobuf ```go type MsgWithdrawDelegatorReward struct { DelegatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=delegator_address,json=delegatorAddress,proto3" json:"delegator_address,omitempty" yaml:"delegator_address"` ValidatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=validator_address,json=validatorAddress,proto3" json:"validator_address,omitempty" yaml:"validator_address"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ----------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.distribution.v1beta1.MsgWithdrawDelegatorReward"` | String | | Delegator | `tx.body.messages[message_index].delegator_address` | String | | Withdraw From Validator | `tx.body.messages[message_index].validator_address` | String | | Withdraw To Address |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "recipient".

| String | | Withdraw Reward Amount |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "amount".

| [Asset String](#asset-string) | ### 3. MsgWithdrawValidatorCommission * **Descriptions:** : Withdraws the full commission of a validator to the validator creator (initial delegator) address. * Funds movement: Yes #### Protofbuf ```json type MsgWithdrawValidatorCommission struct { ValidatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=validator_address,json=validatorAddress,proto3" json:"validator_address,omitempty" yaml:"validator_address"` } ``` #### Example * Cosmos Transaction Query API: \ [https://](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/3739F76EF67A61D6F0163A5B177EA64ED80B67D9AEF8435C525913E69026D320)[rest.mainnet.crypto.org](http://rpc.mainnet.cronos-pos.org/)[/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/3739F76EF67A61D6F0163A5B177EA64ED80B67D9AEF8435C525913E69026D320](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/3739F76EF67A61D6F0163A5B177EA64ED80B67D9AEF8435C525913E69026D320) * Message Index: `1` #### Details This transaction will trigger an internal transfer from the "Distribution" module account to the withdraw to address. Note that the "Distribution" module account is an internal account in Cronos POS Chain to hold the rewards, commissions and community pool funds before they are being distributed. The "Distribution" module account is different on different chain. In Cronos POS Chain Mainnet, it is [cro1jv65s3grqf6v6jl3dp4t6c9t9rk99cd8lyv94w](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/auth/v1beta1/accounts/cro1jv65s3grqf6v6jl3dp4t6c9t9rk99cd8lyv94w). | Detail | Accessor | Type | | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------- | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.distribution.v1beta1.MsgWithdrawValidatorCommission"` | String | | Validator | `tx.body.messages[message_index].validator_address` | String | | Withdraw From Validator | `tx.body.messages[message_index].validator_address` | String | | Withdraw To Address |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "recipient".

| String | | Withdraw Commission Amount |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[m].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "amount".

| [Asset String](#_3-string) | ### 4. MsgFundCommunityPool * **Descriptions:** : Fund from an account to the community pool. The community pool can later be sent to another by submitting a MsgSubmitEcProposal * Funds movement: Yes #### Protobuf ```go type MsgFundCommunityPool struct { Amount github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Coins `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=amount,proto3,castrepeated=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Coins" json:"amount"` Depositor string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=depositor,proto3" json:"depositor,omitempty"` } ``` #### Example: A transaction funding the community pool [https://](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/7C1747E0189DCA88BBA55A1720809C8DF6075799C11ECBE4C4E1F89C91D4F55F)[rest.mainnet.crypto.org](http://rpc.mainnet.cronos-pos.org/)[/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/7C1747E0189DCA88BBA55A1720809C8DF6075799C11ECBE4C4E1F89C91D4F55F](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/7C1747E0189DCA88BBA55A1720809C8DF6075799C11ECBE4C4E1F89C91D4F55F) #### Details This transaction will initiate a transfer from an account to the "Distribution" module account. Note that the "Distribution" module account is an internal account in Cronos POS Chain to hold the rewards, commissions and community pool funds before they are being distributed. This "Distribution" module account is different on different chain. In Cronos POS Chain Mainnet, it is [cro1jv65s3grqf6v6jl3dp4t6c9t9rk99cd8lyv94w](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/auth/v1beta1/accounts/cro1jv65s3grqf6v6jl3dp4t6c9t9rk99cd8lyv94w). | Detail | Accessor | Type | | --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.distribution.v1beta1.MsgFundCommunityPool"` | String | | Deposit From Account | `tx.body.messages[message_index].depositor` | String | | Deposit Amount | `tx.body.messages[message_index].amount` | [Asset Array](#_2-array) | | Delegate To Address ("Distribution" module account) |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "recipient".

| String | [Top](#table-of-content) ## Staking ### 1. MsgCreateValidator * **Descriptions:** : Create a new validator * Funds movement: Yes #### Protobuf ```go type MsgCreateValidator struct { Description Description `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=description,proto3" json:"description"` Commission CommissionRates `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=commission,proto3" json:"commission"` MinSelfDelegation github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Int `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=min_self_delegation,json=minSelfDelegation,proto3,customtype=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Int" json:"min_self_delegation" yaml:"min_self_delegation"` DelegatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=delegator_address,json=delegatorAddress,proto3" json:"delegator_address,omitempty" yaml:"delegator_address"` ValidatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=validator_address,json=validatorAddress,proto3" json:"validator_address,omitempty" yaml:"validator_address"` Pubkey *types.Any `protobuf:"bytes,6,opt,name=pubkey,proto3" json:"pubkey,omitempty"` Value types1.Coin `protobuf:"bytes,7,opt,name=value,proto3" json:"value"` } type Description struct { // moniker defines a human-readable name for the validator. Moniker string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=moniker,proto3" json:"moniker,omitempty"` // identity defines an optional identity signature (ex. UPort or Keybase). Identity string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=identity,proto3" json:"identity,omitempty"` // website defines an optional website link. Website string `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=website,proto3" json:"website,omitempty"` // security_contact defines an optional email for security contact. SecurityContact string `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=security_contact,json=securityContact,proto3" json:"security_contact,omitempty" yaml:"security_contact"` // details define other optional details. Details string `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=details,proto3" json:"details,omitempty"` } type CommissionRates struct { // rate is the commission rate charged to delegators, as a fraction. Rate github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Dec `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=rate,proto3,customtype=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Dec" json:"rate"` // max_rate defines the maximum commission rate which validator can ever charge, as a fraction. MaxRate github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Dec `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=max_rate,json=maxRate,proto3,customtype=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Dec" json:"max_rate" yaml:"max_rate"` // max_change_rate defines the maximum daily increase of the validator commission, as a fraction. MaxChangeRate github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Dec `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=max_change_rate,json=maxChangeRate,proto3,customtype=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Dec" json:"max_change_rate" yaml:"max_change_rate"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | --------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------- | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.staking.v1beta1.MsgCreateValidator"` | String | | Initial Delegator Address (Validator Creator) | `tx.body.messages[message_index].delegator_address` | String | | Delegated Amount | \`tx.body.messages\[message\_index].value | [Asset Object](#_1-single-object) | [Top](#table-of-content) ### 2. MsgEditValidator * **Descriptions**: Edit and existing validator * Funds Movement: No (Pay for fee only) #### Protobuf ```go type MsgEditValidator struct { Description Description `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=description,proto3" json:"description"` ValidatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=validator_address,json=validatorAddress,proto3" json:"validator_address,omitempty" yaml:"address"` // We pass a reference to the new commission rate and min self delegation as // it's not mandatory to update. If not updated, the deserialized rate will be // zero with no way to distinguish if an update was intended. // REF: #2373 CommissionRate *github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Dec `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=commission_rate,json=commissionRate,proto3,customtype=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Dec" json:"commission_rate,omitempty" yaml:"commission_rate"` MinSelfDelegation *github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Int `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=min_self_delegation,json=minSelfDelegation,proto3,customtype=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Int" json:"min_self_delegation,omitempty" yaml:"min_self_delegation"` } type Description struct { // moniker defines a human-readable name for the validator. Moniker string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=moniker,proto3" json:"moniker,omitempty"` // identity defines an optional identity signature (ex. UPort or Keybase). Identity string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=identity,proto3" json:"identity,omitempty"` // website defines an optional website link. Website string `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=website,proto3" json:"website,omitempty"` // security_contact defines an optional email for security contact. SecurityContact string `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=security_contact,json=securityContact,proto3" json:"security_contact,omitempty" yaml:"security_contact"` // details define other optional details. Details string `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=details,proto3" json:"details,omitempty"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: ### Details TODO [Top](#table-of-content) ### 3. MsgDelegate * **Descriptions**: Perform a delegation of coins from a delegator to a validator * Funds movement: Yes #### Protobuf ```go type MsgDelegate struct { DelegatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=delegator_address,json=delegatorAddress,proto3" json:"delegator_address,omitempty" yaml:"delegator_address"` ValidatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=validator_address,json=validatorAddress,proto3" json:"validator_address,omitempty" yaml:"validator_address"` Amount types1.Coin `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=amount,proto3" json:"amount"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: [https://](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/CCB45B0C6EC18A327ADFC8C36478A163D8C2A8BD9EB13687F73ED3D4559318A3)[rest.mainnet.crypto.org](http://rpc.mainnet.cronos-pos.org/)[/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/CCB45B0C6EC18A327ADFC8C36478A163D8C2A8BD9EB13687F73ED3D4559318A3](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/CCB45B0C6EC18A327ADFC8C36478A163D8C2A8BD9EB13687F73ED3D4559318A3) #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------- | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.staking.v1beta1.MsgDelegate"` | String | | Delegate From Address | `tx.body.messages[message_index].delegator_address` | String | | Delegate To Validator | `tx.body.messages[message_index].validator_address` | String | | Delegate Amount | `tx.body.messages[message_index].amount` | [Asset Object](#_1-single-object) | [Top](#table-of-content) ### 4. MsgBeginRedelegate * **Descriptions**: Perform a redelegation of coins from a delegator and source validator to a destination validator. Note that the redelegation is just a record update of the internal state of a delegator's staked funds. The delegator account won't have any funds movement based on the redelegation except. There is a side effect of `MsgBeginRedelegate`, upon successful execution of this message, all the rewards of the delegator from the previous (source) validator will be withdrawn automatically to the delegator account. * Funds movement: Yes #### Protobuf ```go type MsgBeginRedelegate struct { DelegatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=delegator_address,json=delegatorAddress,proto3" json:"delegator_address,omitempty" yaml:"delegator_address"` ValidatorSrcAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=validator_src_address,json=validatorSrcAddress,proto3" json:"validator_src_address,omitempty" yaml:"validator_src_address"` ValidatorDstAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=validator_dst_address,json=validatorDstAddress,proto3" json:"validator_dst_address,omitempty" yaml:"validator_dst_address"` Amount types1.Coin `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=amount,proto3" json:"amount"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------- | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.staking.v1beta1.MsgBeginRedelegate"` | String | | Redelegate From Address | `tx.body.messages[message_index].delegator_address` | String | | Redelegate From Validator | `tx.body.messages[message_index].validator_src_address` | String | | Redelegate To Validator | `tx.body.messages[message_index].validator_dst_address` | String | | Redelegate Amount | `tx.body.messages[message_index].amount` | [Asset Object](#_1-single-object) | | Auto Withdraw Rewards To Address # |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "recipient".

| String | | Auto Withdraw Rewards From Address (Always the "distribution" module account) # |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "sender".

| String | | Auto Withdraw Rewards Amount # |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "amount".

| String | {% hint style="info" %} **Note**: There may be multiple auto reward withdrawals that happen. In such a case, the `transfer` event will have multiple `{"recipient":"","sender":"","amount":""}`. An example is ``` { "type": "transfer", "attributes": [ { "key": "recipient", "value": "cro1hr6wx9mm6ycjr4x2p4ek4c9fl2prkxsx79y5qu" }, { "key": "sender", "value": "cro1jv65s3grqf6v6jl3dp4t6c9t9rk99cd8lyv94w" }, { "key": "amount", "value": "30763basecro" }, { "key": "recipient", "value": "cro1hr6wx9mm6ycjr4x2p4ek4c9fl2prkxsx79y5qu" }, { "key": "sender", "value": "cro1jv65s3grqf6v6jl3dp4t6c9t9rk99cd8lyv94w" }, { "key": "amount", "value": "6881basecro" } ] } ``` {% endhint %} [Top](#table-of-content) ### 5. MsgUndelegate * **Descriptions:** Perform an undelegation from a delegate and a validator. Note that the funds are moved between module accounts upon a `MsgUndelegate` message execution. The funds movement to the user account happens only when the unbond completes. For details, you can refer to the [next section](#_5a-upon-msgundelegate-completed). * Funds movement: Yes #### Protobuf ```go type MsgUndelegate struct { DelegatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=delegator_address,json=delegatorAddress,proto3" json:"delegator_address,omitempty" yaml:"delegator_address"` ValidatorAddress string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=validator_address,json=validatorAddress,proto3" json:"validator_address,omitempty" yaml:"validator_address"` Amount types1.Coin `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=amount,proto3" json:"amount"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: [https://](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/3B36AA1AC81ACD58E7A06C21353DB0FC40A70EDBF6BD2CD23D7BEDC7A0F56318)[rpc.mainnet.crypto.org](http://rpc.mainnet.cronos-pos.org/)[/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/3B36AA1AC81ACD58E7A06C21353DB0FC40A70EDBF6BD2CD23D7BEDC7A0F56318](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/3B36AA1AC81ACD58E7A06C21353DB0FC40A70EDBF6BD2CD23D7BEDC7A0F56318) #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------- | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.distribution.v1beta1.MsgFundCommunityPool"` | String | | Undelegate From Address | `tx.body.messages[message_index].delegator_address` | String | | Undelegate From Validator | `tx.body.messages[message_index].validator_src_address` | String | | Undeleate Amount | `tx.body.messages[message_index].amount` | [Asset Object](#_1-single-object) | | Auto Withdraw Rewards To Address # |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "recipient".

| String | | Auto Withdraw Rewards From Address (Always the "distribution" module account) # |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "sender".

| String | | Auto Withdraw Rewards Amount # |

tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].value
where
tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && tx\_response.logs\[message\_index].events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "amount".

| String | {% hint style="info" %} **Note**: Similar to MsgBeginRedelegate, there may be multiple auto reward withdrawals happen. In such a case the `transfer` event will have the multiple `{"recipient":"","sender":"","amount":""}` {% endhint %} [Top](#table-of-content) ### 5a. Upon MsgUndelegate completed * **Descriptions**: The undelegation is completed on the first block after the "Unbond Completion Time", in which there will be a special event in the Tendermint Block Results API. * Funds movement: Yes #### Example Tendermint Block Results API: [https://](https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block_results?height=374823)[rpc.mainnet.crypto.org](http://rpc.mainnet.cronos-pos.org/)[/block\_results?height=374823](https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block_results?height=374823) #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | | Undelegate From Validator |

.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "complete\_unbonding" && .result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "validator".

| String | | Undelegate To Address |

.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "complete\_unbonding" && .result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "delegator".

| String | | Undeleate Amount |

.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "complete\_unbonding" && .result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "amount".

| [Asset String](#asset-string) | [Top](#table-of-content) ## Slashing ### 1. MsgUnjail * **Descriptions:** : Unjail a validator * Funds movement: No (Pay for fee only) #### Protobuf ```go type MsgUnjail struct { ValidatorAddr string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=validator_addr,json=validatorAddr,proto3" json:"address" yaml:"address"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: [https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/58BF8EBD17FF9500F395E4A9B2AE93EF21306E5706B3EC31CE116654D78B8684](https://rest.mainnet.cronos-pos.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/58BF8EBD17FF9500F395E4A9B2AE93EF21306E5706B3EC31CE116654D78B8684) #### Details TODO ### 2. Being Jailed and Slashed A validator can get jailed for two reasons: 1. Liveness 2. Double sign #### Liveness Liveness issue occurs when the validator fails to sign 50%\* of the blocks in a 5000# blocks sliding window. Upon a validator committing a liveness issue, the validator is jailed for 24 hours (85400 seconds#). \# The liveness metrics and the penalty are subject to the network parameters to be explained in the [details section](#details-params) #### Double Sign Double sign occurs when a validator attempts to provide multiple signatures of the same block height. This is considered as a serious fault and upon committing the validator will get jailed forever and get slashed for 5% of the total staking#. This slashing is applied to all the delegations (both self delegation and delegation from other accounts). \# The slashing rate is subject to the network parameters to be explained in the [details section](#details-params) #### Limitations There is a limitation in the protocol that the slashing amount cannot be easily extracted right now. Theoretically one could calculate the slashed amount of each delegator by applying the slash rate and delegation proportion but in practice small precision issues may be introduced in the calculation process and introduce discrepancies with the chain, so it is not recommended to do so. On the other hand, the slashed amount, similar to the block rewards and commission, is **not** deducted from delegator account directly. There are events to signal the jail and slashing occurs but it serve more of the purpose of describing such as event occurs only. #### Details - Params Cosmos Slashing Params API: | Detail | Category | Accessor | Type | | ----------------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------ | ----------------- | | Signing window size (in Blocks) | Liveness | `.params.signed_blocks_window` | String | | Minimum # of blocks to sign in the window | Liveness | `.params.min_signed_per_window` | String | | How long to jail | Liveness | `.params.downtime_jail_duration` | String (Duration) | | Slashing ratio | Liveness | `.params.slash_fraction_downtime` | String | | Slashing ratio | Double Sign | `.params.slash_fraction_double_sign` | String | #### Details - Jail and Slash events Tendermint Block Results API: =\[height] You can use the [Cosmos API tools](#common-block-details) to decode the event details for readability during integration. | Detail | Category | Accessor | Type | | ------------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------- | | Jail | Liveness, Double Sign | `.results.begin_block_events[event_index].type === "slash" && Base64Decode(.results.begin_block_events[event_index].attributes[attribute_index].key) === "jailed"` | Assertion | | Jailed Reason | Liveness |

Base64Decode(.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value === "missing\_signature"
where
.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "slash" && Base64Decode(.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "reason"

| String | | Jailed Reason | Double Sign |

Base64Decode(.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value === "double\_sign"
where
.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "slash" && Base64Decode(.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "reason"

| String | | Jailed Validator Address | Liveness, Double Sign |

Base64Decode(.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "slash" && Base64Decode(.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "jailed"

| String | | Slashed Validator Address | Liveness, Double Sign |

Base64Decode(.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "slash" && Base64Decode(.results.begin\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "address"

| String | Liveness Example: Liveness Event Example ```json { "type": "slash", "attributes": [ { "key": "address", "value": "crocnclcons1hv2qumdxjeekgtmmnjvzx7ukv7uhlh29w8a4tx", "index": true }, { "key": "power", "value": "4284179", "index": true }, { "key": "reason", "value": "missing_signature", "index": true }, { "key": "jailed", "value": "crocnclcons1hv2qumdxjeekgtmmnjvzx7ukv7uhlh29w8a4tx", "index": true } ] } ``` Double Sign Example: Double Sign Event Example ```json { "type": "slash", "attributes": [ { "key": "address", "value": "crocnclcons1kf8994z2h49u7ldh6e96mlhw6wjqx4lr4929sc", "index": true }, { "key": "power", "value": "6524600", "index": true }, { "key": "reason", "value": "double_sign", "index": true } ] }, { "type": "slash", "attributes": [ { "key": "jailed", "value": "crocnclcons1kf8994z2h49u7ldh6e96mlhw6wjqx4lr4929sc", "index": true } ] } ``` [Top](#table-of-content) ## Governance ### 1. MsgSubmitProposal Submit proposal Initial deposit will transfer from the proposer account to the "gov" module account. Funds movement: Yes #### Protobuf ```go type MsgSubmitProposal struct { Content *types.Any `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=content,proto3" json:"content,omitempty"` InitialDeposit github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Coins `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=initial_deposit,json=initialDeposit,proto3,castrepeated=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Coins" json:"initial_deposit" yaml:"initial_deposit"` Proposer string `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=proposer,proto3" json:"proposer,omitempty"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: [https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/9CCC988616344C804E8831B6FC6BECD6FD0F815E4E3FF13BDE6B7F8360BF0050](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/9CCC988616344C804E8831B6FC6BECD6FD0F815E4E3FF13BDE6B7F8360BF0050) #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | -------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.gov.v1beta1.MsgSubmitProposal"` | String | | Deposit From Address | `tx.body.messages[message_index].porposer` | String | | Deposit Amount | `tx.body.messages[message_index].initial_deposit` | [Asset Array](#_2-array) | ### 1a. Community Pool Spend Proposal One sub-type of proposal is to spend community pool. The community has to pre-funded using [MsgFundCommunityPool](#4-msgfundcommunitypool). After a proposal of this kind is passed, it will release the funds to the grants recipient account. #### Community Pool Spend Proposal Transaction | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ | | Proposal Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index].content["@type"] === "/cosmos.distribution.v1beta1.CommunityPoolSpendProposal"` | String | | Grants Recipient Address | `tx.body.messages[message_index].conbtent.recipient` | String | | Spend Amount | `tx.body.messages[message_index].content.amount` | [Asset Array](#_2-array) | Example of Community Pool Spend Proposal transaction: ```json { "tx": { "body": { "messages": [ { "@type": "/cosmos.gov.v1beta1.MsgSubmitProposal", "content": { "@type": "/cosmos.distribution.v1beta1.CommunityPoolSpendProposal", "title": "Test Community Pool Spend", "description": "Test spending community pool", "recipient": "cro1kkqxv3szgh099xezt7y38t5anqzue4s3fhp2tm", "amount": [ { "denom": "basecro", "amount": "30000" } ] }, "initial_deposit": [ { "denom": "basecro", "amount": "20000" } ], "proposer": "cro1nk4rq3q46ltgjghxz80hy385p9uj0tf58apkcd" } ], "memo": "", "timeout_height": "0", "extension_options": [], "non_critical_extension_options": [] }, "auth_info": { "signer_infos": [ { "public_key": { "@type": "/cosmos.crypto.secp256k1.PubKey", "key": "AiLBhn2Jb4CLU5dYpKB3LHDpjIFldrsQWD6LWDHyjpWM" }, "mode_info": { "single": { "mode": "SIGN_MODE_DIRECT" } }, "sequence": "3" } ], "fee": { "amount": [ { "denom": "basecro", "amount": "5000" } ], "gas_limit": "200000", "payer": "", "granter": "" } }, "signatures": [ "35gnabiH8b8Sqd4XFM9AY1dvN//xsKuzpGO356u/ZEwCBjtaoUKQIL7yNOao6kqJ4Ezc0RCHzgJT6owkW4iXog==" ] }, "tx_response": { "height": "19278", "txhash": "FF822C74B63571B0FDC886A5061D7B8594A113ACD05A10273C36E46CF63871C6", "codespace": "", "code": 0, "data": "0A150A0F7375626D69745F70726F706F73616C12020801", "raw_log": "[{\"events\":[{\"type\":\"message\",\"attributes\":[{\"key\":\"action\",\"value\":\"submit_proposal\"},{\"key\":\"sender\",\"value\":\"cro1nk4rq3q46ltgjghxz80hy385p9uj0tf58apkcd\"},{\"key\":\"module\",\"value\":\"governance\"},{\"key\":\"sender\",\"value\":\"cro1nk4rq3q46ltgjghxz80hy385p9uj0tf58apkcd\"}]},{\"type\":\"proposal_deposit\",\"attributes\":[{\"key\":\"amount\",\"value\":\"20000basecro\"},{\"key\":\"proposal_id\",\"value\":\"1\"}]},{\"type\":\"submit_proposal\",\"attributes\":[{\"key\":\"proposal_id\",\"value\":\"1\"},{\"key\":\"proposal_type\",\"value\":\"CommunityPoolSpend\"},{\"key\":\"voting_period_start\",\"value\":\"1\"}]},{\"type\":\"transfer\",\"attributes\":[{\"key\":\"recipient\",\"value\":\"cro10d07y265gmmuvt4z0w9aw880jnsr700jzemu2z\"},{\"key\":\"sender\",\"value\":\"cro1nk4rq3q46ltgjghxz80hy385p9uj0tf58apkcd\"},{\"key\":\"amount\",\"value\":\"20000basecro\"}]}]}]", "logs": [ { "msg_index": 0, "log": "", "events": [ { "type": "message", "attributes": [ { "key": "action", "value": "submit_proposal" }, { "key": "sender", "value": "cro1nk4rq3q46ltgjghxz80hy385p9uj0tf58apkcd" }, { "key": "module", "value": "governance" }, { "key": "sender", "value": "cro1nk4rq3q46ltgjghxz80hy385p9uj0tf58apkcd" } ] }, { "type": "proposal_deposit", "attributes": [ { "key": "amount", "value": "20000basecro" }, { "key": "proposal_id", "value": "1" } ] }, { "type": "submit_proposal", "attributes": [ { "key": "proposal_id", "value": "1" }, { "key": "proposal_type", "value": "CommunityPoolSpend" }, { "key": "voting_period_start", "value": "1" } ] }, { "type": "transfer", "attributes": [ { "key": "recipient", "value": "cro10d07y265gmmuvt4z0w9aw880jnsr700jzemu2z" }, { "key": "sender", "value": "cro1nk4rq3q46ltgjghxz80hy385p9uj0tf58apkcd" }, { "key": "amount", "value": "20000basecro" } ] } ] } ], "info": "", "gas_wanted": "200000", "gas_used": "126092", "tx": { "@type": "/cosmos.tx.v1beta1.Tx", "body": { "messages": [ { "@type": "/cosmos.gov.v1beta1.MsgSubmitProposal", "content": { "@type": "/cosmos.distribution.v1beta1.CommunityPoolSpendProposal", "title": "Test Community Pool Spend", "description": "Test spending community pool", "recipient": "cro1kkqxv3szgh099xezt7y38t5anqzue4s3fhp2tm", "amount": [ { "denom": "basecro", "amount": "30000" } ] }, "initial_deposit": [ { "denom": "basecro", "amount": "20000" } ], "proposer": "cro1nk4rq3q46ltgjghxz80hy385p9uj0tf58apkcd" } ], "memo": "", "timeout_height": "0", "extension_options": [], "non_critical_extension_options": [] }, "auth_info": { "signer_infos": [ { "public_key": { "@type": "/cosmos.crypto.secp256k1.PubKey", "key": "AiLBhn2Jb4CLU5dYpKB3LHDpjIFldrsQWD6LWDHyjpWM" }, "mode_info": { "single": { "mode": "SIGN_MODE_DIRECT" } }, "sequence": "3" } ], "fee": { "amount": [ { "denom": "basecro", "amount": "5000" } ], "gas_limit": "200000", "payer": "", "granter": "" } }, "signatures": [ "35gnabiH8b8Sqd4XFM9AY1dvN//xsKuzpGO356u/ZEwCBjtaoUKQIL7yNOao6kqJ4Ezc0RCHzgJT6owkW4iXog==" ] }, "timestamp": "2021-05-02T15:14:05Z" } } ``` #### Community Pool Spend Proposal Funds Movement | Detail | Accessor | Type | | ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | | Proposal Passed |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value) === "proposal\_passed"
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "active\_proposal" && Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "proposal\_result".

| String | | Grant from "distribution" Module Account |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value) === "{distribution module account}"
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "sender".

| String | | Recipient Account |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "recipient").

| String | | Grants Amount |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "amount").

| [Asset String](#asset-string) | Example of Block Results API when Community Pool Spend Proposal Funds is Released: ```json { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": -1, "result": { "height": "19337", "txs_results": null, "begin_block_events": [ ... ], "end_block_events": [ { "type": "transfer", "attributes": [ { "key": "recipient", "value": "cro1nk4rq3q46ltgjghxz80hy385p9uj0tf58apkcd", "index": true }, { "key": "sender", "value": "cro10d07y265gmmuvt4z0w9aw880jnsr700jzemu2z", "index": true }, { "key": "amount", "value": "20000basecro", "index": true } ] }, { "type": "message", "attributes": [ { "key": "sender", "value": "cro10d07y265gmmuvt4z0w9aw880jnsr700jzemu2z", "index": true } ] }, { "type": "transfer", "attributes": [ { "key": "recipient", "value": "cro1kkqxv3szgh099xezt7y38t5anqzue4s3fhp2tm", "index": true }, { "key": "sender", "value": "cro1jv65s3grqf6v6jl3dp4t6c9t9rk99cd8lyv94w", "index": true }, { "key": "amount", "value": "30000basecro", "index": true } ] }, { "type": "message", "attributes": [ { "key": "sender", "value": "cro1jv65s3grqf6v6jl3dp4t6c9t9rk99cd8lyv94w", "index": true } ] }, { "type": "active_proposal", "attributes": [ { "key": "proposal_id", "value": "1", "index": true }, { "key": "proposal_result", "value": "proposal_passed", "index": true } ] } ], "validator_updates": null, "consensus_param_updates": { ... } } } ``` ### 2. MsgDeposit * **Descriptions**: Submit a deposit to an existing proposal Deposit will transfer from the proposer account to the "gov" module account. #### Protobuf ```go type MsgDeposit struct { ProposalId uint64 `protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=proposal_id,json=proposalId,proto3" json:"proposal_id" yaml:"proposal_id"` Depositor string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=depositor,proto3" json:"depositor,omitempty"` Amount github_com_cosmos_cosmos_sdk_types.Coins `protobuf:"bytes,3,rep,name=amount,proto3,castrepeated=github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types.Coins" json:"amount"` } ``` #### Example Cosmos Transaction Query API: [https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/9CCC988616344C804E8831B6FC6BECD6FD0F815E4E3FF13BDE6B7F8360BF0050](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/tx/v1beta1/txs/9CCC988616344C804E8831B6FC6BECD6FD0F815E4E3FF13BDE6B7F8360BF0050) #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ | | Transaction Type | `tx.body.messages[message_index]["@type"] === "/cosmos.gov.v1beta1.MsgDeposit"` | String | | Deposit From Address | `tx.body.messages[message_index].depositor` | String | | Deposit Amount | `tx.body.messages[message_index].amount` | [Asset Array](#_2-array) | [Top](#table-of-content) ### 2a. Burn Proposal's Deposit if Proposal does not Get Enough Deposit If a proposal does not meet the deposit requirement after the deposit period, the deposit will **NOT** be returned to the depositors. Those deposits **will be burnt** from the "gov" module account as well. The latest deposit requirement ("min\_deposit") and deposit period ("max\_deposit\_period") can be checked on [https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/gov/v1beta1/params/deposit](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/gov/v1beta1/params/deposit). Note that they are network parameters and may change over time after governance proposals. To monitor a proposal becomes inactive, it can be detected by monitoring the `end_block_events` in Tendermint Block Results API. However, for the amount of deposit burnt, you have to keep track of the deposits made to the proposal before. Note that this operation does not involve any user account as the deposits are burnt. Tendermint Block Results API: #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------ | | Proposal Id |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value) === "{gov module account}"
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "inactive\_proposal" && .result.Base64Decode(end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "proposal\_id".

| String | | Assert Proposal is Dropped |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value === "proposal\_dropped")
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "inactive\_proposal" && Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "proposal\_result").

| String | ### 2b. Return Proposal's Deposit There are a few cases where a proposal deposit will be returned to the depositors. For details, please refer to [Proposal Result](#4-proposal-result). The return deposit can be detected by monitoring the `end_block_events` in Tendermint Block Results API. #### Example Tendermint Block Results API: [https://](https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block_results?height=496620)[rpc.mainnet.crypto.org](http://rpc.mainnet.cronos-pos.org/)[:443/block\_results?height=496620](https://rpc.mainnet.crypto.org/block_results?height=496620) #### Details | Detail | Accessor | Type | | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | | Return From "gov" Module Account |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value) === "{gov module account}"
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "sender".

| String | | Return To Address |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "recipient".

| String | | Returned Deposit Amount |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value)
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "transfer" && Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "amount").

| [Asset String](#asset-string) | Note that there may be multiple depositors of a proposal, so the event may appear multiple times. ```json [ { "type": "transfer", "attributes": [ { "key": "recipient", "value": "cro15d0esada05wx4lpncp5vmwmzgrcnu3cu5xfy9w", "index": true }, { "key": "sender", "value": "cro10d07y265gmmuvt4z0w9aw880jnsr700jzemu2z", "index": true }, { "key": "amount", "value": "1000000000basecro", "index": true } ] }, { "type": "transfer", "attributes": [ { "key": "recipient", "value": "cro1meq5gd2fwjcav8n0nynwelusm9hrngwglvp426", "index": true }, { "key": "sender", "value": "cro10d07y265gmmuvt4z0w9aw880jnsr700jzemu2z", "index": true }, { "key": "amount", "value": "2000000000000basecro", "index": true } ] } ] ``` [Top](#table-of-content) ### 2c. Burn Proposal's Deposit There are a few cases where proposal deposits will be burnt. For details, please refer to [Proposal Result](#4-proposal-result) for more details. If a proposal does not get enough votes that exceed the "quorum" or has the "No with Veto" votes exceed the "veto\_threshold", the deposit will **NOT** be returned to the depositors. Those deposits **will be burnt** from the "gov" module account as well. To monitor a proposal that got rejected and deposits got burned, it can be detected by monitoring the `end_block_events` Tendermint Block Results API. There will be a "proposal\_result" event marking the proposal as rejected, and different from [Return Proposal's Deposit](#2b-return-proposals-depsoit), there will be **NO** transfer event in the `end_block_results`, which means the deposit is **NOT** returned and is burnt. However, for the amount of deposit burnt, you have to keep track of the deposits made to the proposal before. Note that this operation does not involve any user account as the deposits are burnt. #### Details and Example | Detail | Accessor | Type | | --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------ | | Proposal Id |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value) === "{gov module account}"
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "active\_proposal" && .result.Base64Decode(end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key) === "proposal\_id".

| String | | Assert Proposal is Rejected |

Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].value === "proposal\_rejected")
where
.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].type === "active\_proposal" && Base64Decode(.result.end\_block\_events\[event\_index].attributes\[attribute\_index].key === "proposal\_result").

| String | Tendermint Block Results API JSON Example (Base64 Decoded): ```json { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": -1, "result": { "height": "285", "txs_results": null, "begin_block_events": [ ... ], "end_block_events": [ { "type": "active_proposal", "attributes": [ { "key": "proposal_id", "value": "3", "index": true }, { "key": "proposal_result", "value": "proposal_rejected", "index": true } ] } ], "validator_updates": null, "consensus_param_updates": { ... } } } ``` [Top](#table-of-content) ### 3. MsgVote * **Descriptions:** : Submit a vote to an existing proposal * Funds movement: No (Pay for fee only) ### 4. Proposal Result Latest tally params can be retrieved from: . The params may change from time to time after the governance proposal. | Scenario | Result | Burn Deposit | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- | ------------ | | All voter has no staked coins | Rejects | No | | Not enough `tally_params.quorum` of votes | Rejects | **Yes** | | No one votes (Everyone abstain) | Rejects | No | | More than `tally_params.veto_threshold` voter veto | Rejects | **Yes** | | More than `tally_params.threshold` non-abstaining votes No | Rejects | No | | More than `tally_params.threshold` non-abstaining votes Yes | Passes | No | | More than `tally_params.threshold` non-abstaining votes Yes but the proposal cannot be executed (e.g. Insufficient funds in community pool to spend) | Failed | No | [Top](#table-of-content) ## Appendix: Module Accounts on Mainnet | Module | Address | | ------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | mint | [cro1m3h30wlvsf8llruxtpukdvsy0km2kum8s20pm3](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/auth/v1beta1/accounts/cro1m3h30wlvsf8llruxtpukdvsy0km2kum8s20pm3) | | fee\_collector | [cro17xpfvakm2amg962yls6f84z3kell8c5lgztehv](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/auth/v1beta1/accounts/cro17xpfvakm2amg962yls6f84z3kell8c5lgztehv) | | distribution | [cro1jv65s3grqf6v6jl3dp4t6c9t9rk99cd8lyv94w](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/auth/v1beta1/accounts/cro1jv65s3grqf6v6jl3dp4t6c9t9rk99cd8lyv94w) | | bonded\_tokens\_pool | [cro1fl48vsnmsdzcv85q5d2q4z5ajdha8yu3dqpk9x](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/auth/v1beta1/accounts/cro1fl48vsnmsdzcv85q5d2q4z5ajdha8yu3dqpk9x) | | not\_bonded\_tokens\_pool | [cro1tygms3xhhs3yv487phx3dw4a95jn7t7leqa8nj](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/auth/v1beta1/accounts/cro1tygms3xhhs3yv487phx3dw4a95jn7t7leqa8nj) | | gov | [cro10d07y265gmmuvt4z0w9aw880jnsr700jzemu2z](https://rest.mainnet.crypto.org/cosmos/auth/v1beta1/accounts/cro10d07y265gmmuvt4z0w9aw880jnsr700jzemu2z) | [Top](#table-of-content)